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What is a monarchy?

  1. Rule by the majority

  2. Rule by a king or queen

  3. Rule by elected officials

  4. Rule by the military

The correct answer is: Rule by a king or queen

A monarchy is a form of government in which a single person, usually referred to as a monarch, rules the country. This person is often a king or queen and inherits the right to rule. This is different from rule by the majority (option A), where decisions are made by the majority of people through processes like voting. Monarchy is also different from rule by elected officials (option C), as the monarch is not chosen by the people through an election process. Finally, monarchy is also different from rule by the military (option D), as the military is not the governing body in a monarchy.