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What defines a confederal system?

  1. A centralized government with all powers

  2. A single leader holding all government power

  3. Independent states with a central government having limited powers

  4. Governments where power is shared equally among all parts

The correct answer is: Independent states with a central government having limited powers

In a confederal system, independent states come together to form a central government but retain their own powers and sovereignty. This means that the central government has limited powers and the majority of power is held by the individual states. Option A is incorrect because a confederal system is not a centralized government with all powers. Option B is incorrect because a confederal system does not have a single leader holding all government power. Option D is incorrect because in a confederal system, power is not shared equally among all parts, but rather the states hold more power than the central government.